Class 10: English, Lesson 4: ‘My Own True Family’ – Ted Hughes

My Own True Family
(Part 1: The Meeting & The Accusation)

📖 পাঠ ও বঙ্গানুবাদ (Text & Translation)

Stanza 1:
Once I crept in an oakwood—I was looking for a stag.
I met an old woman there—all knobbly stick and rag.
She said: ‘I have your secret here inside my little bag.’
বঙ্গানুবাদ: একবার আমি চুপিচুপি এক ওক গাছের বনে প্রবেশ করলাম—আমি একটি পুরুষ হরিণ খুঁজছিলাম। সেখানে আমার এক বৃদ্ধা মহিলার সাথে দেখা হলো—তাঁর হাতে ছিল গাঁটওয়ালা লাঠি এবং পরনে ছিল ছেঁড়া কাপড়। তিনি বললেন: ‘আমার এই ছোট্ট থলিটার ভেতর তোমার গোপন কথাটি আছে।’


Stanza 2:
Then she began to cackle and I began to quake.
She opened up her little bag and I came twice awake—
Surrounded by a staring tribe and me tied to a stake.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: তারপর তিনি খ্যাকখ্যাক করে হাসতে শুরু করলেন এবং আমি (ভয়ে) কাঁপতে শুরু করলাম। তিনি তাঁর ছোট্ট থলিটা খুললেন এবং আমি যেন দ্বিতীয়বার জেগে উঠলাম (বা নতুন এক জগতে জাগলাম)—দেখলাম আমি এক তাকিয়ে থাকা উপজাতি (গাছেরা) দ্বারা পরিবেষ্টিত এবং আমাকে একটি খুঁটিতে বেঁধে রাখা হয়েছে।


Stanza 3 (First Half):
They said: ‘We are the oak-trees and your own true family.
We are chopped down, we are torn up, you do not blink an eye.
Unless you make a promise now—now you are going to die.’
বঙ্গানুবাদ: তারা বলল: ‘আমরা ওক গাছ এবং আমরাই তোমার নিজের সত্যিকারের পরিবার। আমাদের কেটে ফেলা হয়, আমাদের ছিঁড়ে ফেলা হয় (উপড়ে ফেলা হয়), তোমরা চোখের পলকও ফেলো না (ভ্রূক্ষেপ করো না)। যদি না তুমি এখন একটি প্রতিজ্ঞা করো—তবে এখনই তুমি মারা যাবে।’

শব্দার্থ (Word Nest)

Word Meaning (Bengali)
Crept চুপিচুপি প্রবেশ করল / হামাগুড়ি দিয়ে ঢুকল
Stag পুরুষ হরিণ
Knobbly গাঁটওয়ালা / অমসৃণ
Rag ছেঁড়া কাপড় / ন্যাকড়া
Cackle কর্কশ হাসি / খ্যাকখ্যাক করে হাসা
Quake কাঁপা (ভয়ে)
Twice awake দ্বিতীয়বার জাগরণ / নতুন উপলব্ধিতে জাগা
Stake খুঁটি
Blink an eye চোখের পলক ফেলা (এখানে: গুরুত্ব দেওয়া)

A. বহুবিকল্পভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন (MCQ)

i. Creeping in an oakwood, the poet was looking for a —

  • (a) goat
  • (b) rhinoceros
  • (c) stag
  • (d) buffalo
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) stag

ii. Whenever an oak tree is felled, the number of trees the poet must plant is —

  • (a) two
  • (b) three
  • (c) four
  • (d) five
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (a) two (Note: This comes in the promise part, but contextually relevant here as foreshadowing. For strictly Part 1 text: The trees threaten death unless a promise is made).

iii. The woman whom the poet met in the oakwood was —

  • (a) young
  • (b) old
  • (c) middle-aged
  • (d) very sick
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (b) old

iv. When the old woman began to cackle, the poet began to —

  • (a) run
  • (b) shout
  • (c) quake
  • (d) sweat
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) quake

iv. The oak-trees claimed that they are the poet’s —

  • (a) enemy
  • (b) friend
  • (c) own true family
  • (d) neighbors
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) own true family

B. বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করো (Complete the Sentences)

i. The old woman had __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: a knobbly stick and rag.

ii. She said that she had the poet’s secret __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: inside her little bag.

iii. The poet came twice awake when __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: the old woman opened up her little bag.

iv. The poet found himself tied to __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: a stake.

v. The oak-trees complained that the poet did not blink an eye when __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: they were chopped down and torn up.

C. সত্য/মিথ্যা নিরূপণ (True/False with Supporting Statement)

i. The poet went to the oakwood to find a rabbit.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…I was looking for a stag.”

ii. The old woman was well-dressed.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…all knobbly stick and rag.”

iii. The poet was surrounded by a staring tribe.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “Surrounded by a staring tribe…”

iv. The oak trees said that they are strangers to the poet.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “We are the oak-trees and your own true family.”

v. The poet will die if he does not make a promise.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “Unless you make a promise now—now you are going to die.”

D. সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন (Short Answer Questions)

i. How did the poet enter the oakwood?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The poet entered the oakwood by creeping in (moving slowly and quietly).

ii. Describe the appearance of the old woman.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The old woman had a knobbly stick in her hand and was wearing rags (torn clothes).

iii. What reaction did the poet have when the woman began to cackle?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: When the woman began to cackle, the poet began to quake with fear.

iv. Who introduced themselves as the poet’s own true family?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The oak trees introduced themselves as the poet’s own true family.

v. What happens to the oak trees which humans ignore?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The oak trees are chopped down and torn up, but humans do not blink an eye or show any concern.


My Own True Family
(Part 2: The Promise & The Alteration)

📖 পাঠ ও বঙ্গানুবাদ (Text & Translation)

Stanza 3 (Second Half) & 4:
‘Whenever you see an oak-tree felled, swear now you will plant two.
Unless you swear the black oak bark will wrinkle over you
And root you among the oaks where you were born but never grew.’
বঙ্গানুবাদ: ‘যখনই তুমি দেখবে একটি ওক গাছ কেটে ফেলা হয়েছে (felled), এখনই শপথ করো তুমি তার বদলে দুটো গাছ লাগাবে। যদি তুমি শপথ না করো, তবে কালো ওক গাছের ছাল তোমাকে আষ্টেপৃষ্ঠে জড়িয়ে ধরবে (বলিচিহ্নিত করবে), এবং তোমাকে ওক গাছেদের মাঝেই শিকড়শুদ্ধ পুঁতে রাখবে—যেখানে তুমি জন্মেছিলে ঠিকই কিন্তু কখনো বেড়ে ওঠোনি (অর্থাৎ, তোমার আধ্যাত্মিক বা মানবিক বিকাশ হয়নি)।’

[Image of planting saplings]


Stanza 5:
This was my dream beneath the boughs, the dream that altered me.
When I came out of the oakwood, back to human company,
My walk was the walk of a human child, but my heart was a tree.
বঙ্গানুবাদ: গাছের ডালের নিচে এটাই ছিল আমার স্বপ্ন, যে স্বপ্ন আমাকে বদলে দিয়েছিল। যখন আমি ওক বন থেকে বেরিয়ে মানুষের সমাজে (human company) ফিরে এলাম, আমার হাঁটাচলা ছিল মানুষের শিশুর মতো, কিন্তু আমার হৃদয়টা হয়ে গিয়েছিল একটি গাছের মতো (প্রকৃতিপ্রেমী)।

শব্দার্থ (Word Nest)

Word Meaning (Bengali)
Felled কেটে ফেলা হয়েছে এমন / ভূপাতিত
Swear শপথ করা / প্রতিজ্ঞা করা
Wrinkle ভাঁজ পড়া / কুঁচকে যাওয়া (এখানে গ্রাস করা অর্থে)
Root শিকড়শুদ্ধ পুঁতে রাখা
Boughs গাছের বড় ডালপালা
Altered পরিবর্তিত করেছিল / বদলে দিয়েছিল
Company সঙ্গ / সমাজ

A. বহুবিকল্পভিত্তিক প্রশ্ন (MCQ)

i. Whenever an oak tree is felled, the poet must promise to plant —

  • (a) one tree
  • (b) two trees
  • (c) three trees
  • (d) four trees
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (b) two trees

ii. If the poet fails to swear, the black oak bark will —

  • (a) kill him
  • (b) wrinkle over him
  • (c) forgive him
  • (d) hide him
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (b) wrinkle over him

iii. The poet saw the dream beneath the —

  • (a) sky
  • (b) roof
  • (c) boughs
  • (d) tent
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) boughs

iv. The dream __________ the poet.

  • (a) scared
  • (b) happy
  • (c) altered
  • (d) saddened
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) altered

v. When the poet came back to human company, his heart was a —

  • (a) stone
  • (b) tree
  • (c) river
  • (d) child
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (b) tree

B. বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করো (Complete the Sentences)

i. The poet must swear to plant two trees whenever __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: he sees an oak-tree felled.

ii. If the poet does not swear, the black oak bark will __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: wrinkle over him and root him among the oaks.

iii. The poet was born among the oaks but __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: never grew.

iv. The dream that altered the poet happened __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: beneath the boughs.

v. When the poet came back to human company, his walk was __________.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: the walk of a human child.

C. সত্য/মিথ্যা নিরূপণ (True/False with Supporting Statement)

i. The poet must plant three trees for every oak felled.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…swear now you will plant two.”

ii. The black oak bark will protect the poet.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “…the black oak bark will wrinkle over you.” (এটা শাস্তির হুমকি, সুরক্ষা নয়।)

iii. The dream changed the poet’s mindset.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “This was my dream beneath the boughs, the dream that altered me.”

iv. The poet returned to the animal kingdom.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “When I came out of the oakwood, back to human company.”

v. Physically the poet remained a human child.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “My walk was the walk of a human child…”

D. সংক্ষিপ্ত প্রশ্ন (Short Answer Questions)

i. What promise did the poet have to make?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The poet had to promise that whenever he saw an oak tree felled, he would plant two trees in its place.

ii. What punishment was threatened by the oak trees?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The oak trees threatened that if the poet did not swear, the black oak bark would wrinkle over him and root him among the oaks where he would die.

iii. What does the expression “born but never grew” mean?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: It means that although humans are born on this earth (nature), they have not grown spiritually or sympathetically enough to understand the pain of nature and trees.

iv. Where did the poet have the dream?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The poet had the dream beneath the boughs of the oak trees in the oakwood.

v. What change occurred in the poet after the dream?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: After the dream, the poet’s heart changed; though he remained a human child physically, his heart became like a tree, full of empathy for nature.


My Own True Family
(Textual Exercises: 1 – 4)

Exercise 1: Choose the correct alternative

1. Creeping in an oakwood, the poet was looking for a —

  • (a) goat
  • (b) rhinoceros
  • (c) stag
  • (d) buffalo
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (c) stag

2. Whenever an oak tree is felled, the number of trees the poet must plant is —

  • (a) two
  • (b) three
  • (c) four
  • (d) five
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (a) two

3. When the poet came out of the oakwood, his heart was that of a —

  • (a) stag
  • (b) tree
  • (c) human child
  • (d) old woman
উত্তর দেখো
Ans: (b) tree

Exercise 2: True/False with Supporting Statements

(a) The old woman held the poet’s secrets in her little bag.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “She said: ‘I have your secret here inside my little bag.'”

(b) The tree tribe said that the poet is bothered to see the chopping down of oak trees.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: False (F)
S.S: “We are chopped down, we are torn up, you do not blink an eye.”

(c) The poet never forgot the dream.

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: True (T)
S.S: “This was my dream beneath the boughs, the dream that altered me.”

Exercise 3: Answer the following questions

(a) When did the poet come twice awake?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The poet came twice awake when the old woman opened up her little bag.

(b) What would happen to the poet if he failed to make the promise?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: If the poet failed to make the promise, he would die; the black oak bark would wrinkle over him and root him among the oaks.

(c) What was it that altered the poet?

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The dream beneath the boughs of the oak trees altered the poet.

Exercise 4: Change the following into indirect speech

(a) Rahul asked Dipa, “Will you go to school today?”

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: Rahul asked Dipa if she would go to school that day.

(b) Rita said to Ayesha, “Please give me a glass of water.”

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: Rita requested Ayesha to give her a glass of water.

(c) The old man said to the little girl, “May you be happy!”

উত্তর দেখো
Ans: The old man wished (or prayed) that the little girl might be happy.

Writing Activity
(Exercise 5 & 6)

Exercise 5: Official Letter

Question: Write a letter (within 100 words) to the Headmaster/Headmistress of your school requesting him/her to organize a ‘Tree Plantation Programme’.

উত্তর দেখো (Click to Reveal Answer)

To
The Headmaster,
ABC High School,
Kolkata – 700001

Sub: Request for organizing a Tree Plantation Programme

Sir,

With due respect, I, on behalf of the students of your school, beg to state that we are willing to organize a ‘Tree Plantation Programme’ in our school premises. As we know, trees are our best friends and essential for the environment. But due to rapid urbanization, the number of trees is decreasing, leading to global warming.

We want to plant saplings around our playground and school garden to make the campus green and eco-friendly. We have already collected some saplings from the local nursery.

I, therefore, request you to kindly grant us permission and guide us to make this programme a success.

Yours obediently,
Rohan Das
Class: X, Sec: A, Roll: 01
(On behalf of the students)
Date: 15th July, 2024

Exercise 6: Summary Writing

Question: Write a summary of the passage given in the textbook. (The passage discusses the importance of trees/forests, their impact on climate, rainfall, and soil erosion).

উত্তর দেখো (Click to Reveal Answer)

Importance of Forests

Trees and forests are essential for the survival of life on earth. They help to maintain the ecological balance by providing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide. Forests attract rainfall and keep the earth cool. They also prevent soil erosion by holding the soil firmly with their roots. Moreover, trees provide us with valuable resources like timber, food, and medicine. Destruction of forests leads to global warming and natural disasters. Therefore, protecting forests is crucial for our own existence.

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